CVE-2026-53430

Summary

Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) vulnerability in elixir-grpc grpc (GRPC.Compressor.Gzip, GRPC.Message modules) allows a denial of service via a gzip decompression bomb.

This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/grpc/compressor/gzip.ex, lib/grpc/message.ex and program routines 'Elixir.GRPC.Compressor.Gzip':decompress/1, 'Elixir.GRPC.Message':from_data/2.

'Elixir.GRPC.Compressor.Gzip':decompress/1 calls :zlib.gunzip/1 directly on attacker-controlled bytes with no decompressed-size limit, ratio check, or incremental decoding. Because this module is the registered gzip GRPC.Compressor implementation, it is invoked automatically whenever an incoming gRPC frame carries the grpc-encoding: gzip header. :zlib.gunzip/1 allocates the entire decompressed result as a single binary, so a small highly compressible payload (for example a few kilobytes of zeros, which gzip compresses at roughly 1000:1) expands to multiple gigabytes inside a single call. The max_receive_message_length limit is enforced only against the already-decompressed message, so it provides no protection. An unauthenticated remote peer can send a single crafted frame to exhaust the BEAM node's heap and trigger an out-of-memory kill.

This issue affects grpc: from 0.4.0 before 1.0.0.

Affected Software

Weaknesses

• CWE-409: CWE-409 Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)

ADP Enrichment

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

• SSVC:
• Exploitation: poc
  • Automatable: yes
  • Technical Impact: partial

Additional References

• https://github.com/elixir-grpc/grpc/security/advisories/GHSA-6ccx-9c9f-327w

References

• https://github.com/elixir-grpc/grpc/security/advisories/GHSA-6ccx-9c9f-327w
• https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-53430.html
• https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-53430
• https://github.com/elixir-grpc/grpc/commit/1afbab9d57d2a3e16ca9c62ffa4923338ea96cfc

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