CVE-2026-45919

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sched/rt: Skip currently executing CPU in rto_next_cpu()

CPU0 becomes overloaded when hosting a CPU-bound RT task, a non-CPU-bound RT task, and a CFS task stuck in kernel space. When other CPUs switch from RT to non-RT tasks, RT load balancing (LB) is triggered; with HAVE_RT_PUSH_IPI enabled, they send IPIs to CPU0 to drive the execution of rto_push_irq_work_func. During push_rt_task on CPU0, if next_task->prio < rq->donor->prio, resched_curr() sets NEED_RESCHED and after the push operation completes, CPU0 calls rto_next_cpu(). Since only CPU0 is overloaded in this scenario, rto_next_cpu() should ideally return -1 (no further IPI needed).

However, multiple CPUs invoking tell_cpu_to_push() during LB increments rd->rto_loop_next. Even when rd->rto_cpu is set to -1, the mismatch between rd->rto_loop and rd->rto_loop_next forces rto_next_cpu() to restart its search from -1. With CPU0 remaining overloaded (satisfying rt_nr_migratory && rt_nr_total > 1), it gets reselected, causing CPU0 to queue irq_work to itself and send self-IPIs repeatedly. As long as CPU0 stays overloaded and other CPUs run pull_rt_tasks(), it falls into an infinite self-IPI loop, which triggers a CPU hardlockup due to continuous self-interrupts.

The trigging scenario is as follows:

     cpu0                      cpu1                    cpu2
                            pull_rt_task
                          tell_cpu_to_push
             <------------irq_work_queue_on

rto_push_irq_work_func push_rt_task resched_curr(rq) pull_rt_task rto_next_cpu tell_cpu_to_push <————————– atomic_inc(rto_loop_next) rd->rto_loop != next rto_next_cpu irq_work_queue_on rto_push_irq_work_func

Fix redundant self-IPI by filtering the initiating CPU in rto_next_cpu(). This solution has been verified to effectively eliminate spurious self-IPIs and prevent CPU hardlockup scenarios.

Affected Software

Weaknesses

References

• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d57d0746276a88ea43a2cc62b849fd8a95e32e41
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3b3c672a66db3de3b40f8a7057864bc1f874ede3
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/16ca9f3117e9a294646c897daf08a5ab546c711b
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ad5577b2d4acfd83f03d97a0aece2d18aac5f07
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a6a73403733e86748421f2eeaf028c85683ef896
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52aeb1e07ec223caf212f036817976c98d2aa250
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9f25edc5a20cb52a5abbf25f0724bb4732b81801
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94894c9c477e53bcea052e075c53f89df3d2a33e

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