CVE-2025-39928

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

i2c: rtl9300: ensure data length is within supported range

Add an explicit check for the xfer length to 'rtl9300_i2c_config_xfer' to ensure the data length isn't within the supported range. In particular a data length of 0 is not supported by the hardware and causes unintended or destructive behaviour.

This limitation becomes obvious when looking at the register documentation [1]. 4 bits are reserved for DATA_WIDTH and the value of these 4 bits is used as N + 1, allowing a data length range of 1 <= len <= 16.

Affected by this is the SMBus Quick Operation which works with a data length of 0. Passing 0 as the length causes an underflow of the value due to:

(len - 1) & 0xf

and effectively specifying a transfer length of 16 via the registers. This causes a 16-byte write operation instead of a Quick Write. For example, on SFP modules without write-protected EEPROM this soft-bricks them by overwriting some initial bytes.

For completeness, also add a quirk for the zero length.

[1] https://svanheule.net/realtek/longan/register/i2c_mst1_ctrl2

Affected Software

Weaknesses

ADP Enrichment

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

• SSVC:
• Exploitation: none
  • Automatable: no
  • Technical Impact: partial

References

• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c91382328fc89f73144d5582f2d8f1dd3e41c8f7
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/06418cb5a1a542a003fdb4ad8e76ea542d57cfba

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