CVE-2025-21598

Summary

An Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved's routing protocol daemon (rpd) allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to send malformed BGP packets to a device configured with packet receive trace options enabled to crash rpd. This issue affects:

Junos OS: 

  • from 21.2R3-S8 before 21.2R3-S9, 
  • from 21.4R3-S7 before 21.4R3-S9, 
  • from 22.2R3-S4 before 22.2R3-S5, 
  • from 22.3R3-S2 before 22.3R3-S4, 
  • from 22.4R3 before 22.4R3-S5, 
  • from 23.2R2 before 23.2R2-S2, 
  • from 23.4R1 before 23.4R2-S1, 
  • from 24.2R1 before 24.2R1-S1, 24.2R2.

Junos OS Evolved:

  • from 21.4R3-S7-EVO before 21.4R3-S9-EVO, 
  • from 22.2R3-S4-EVO before 22.2R3-S5-EVO, 
  • from 22.3R3-S2-EVO before 22.3R3-S4-EVO, 
  • from 22.4R3-EVO before 22.4R3-S5-EVO, 
  • from 23.2R2-EVO before 23.2R2-S2-EVO, 
  • from 23.4R1-EVO before 23.4R2-S1-EVO, 
  • from 24.2R1-EVO before 24.2R1-S2-EVO, 24.2R2-EVO.

This issue requires a BGP session to be established.

This issue can propagate and multiply through multiple ASes until reaching vulnerable devices.

This issue affects iBGP and eBGP.

This issue affects IPv4 and IPv6.

An indicator of compromise may be the presence of malformed update messages in a neighboring AS which is unaffected by this issue:

For example, by issuing the command on the neighboring device:  show log messages

Reviewing for similar messages from devices within proximity to each other may indicate this malformed packet is propagating:   rpd[<pid>]: Received malformed update from <IP address> (External AS <AS#>) and   rpd[<pid>]: Malformed Attribute

Affected Software

VendorProductVersion RangeStatus
Juniper NetworksJunos OS21.2R3-S8 < 21.2R3-S9affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS21.4R3-S7 < 21.4R3-S9affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS22.2R3-S4 < 22.2R3-S5affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS22.3R3-S2 < 22.3R3-S4affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS22.4R3 < 22.4R3-S5affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS23.2R2 < 23.2R2-S2affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS23.4R1 < 23.4R2-S1affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS24.2R1 < 24.2R1-S1, 24.2R2affected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS Evolved21.4R3-S7-EVO < 21.4R3-S9-EVOaffected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS Evolved22.2R3-S4-EVO < 22.2R3-S5-EVOaffected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS Evolved22.3R3-S2-EVO < 22.3R3-S4-EVOaffected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS Evolved22.4R3-EVO < 22.4R3-S5-EVOaffected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS Evolved23.2R2-EVO < 23.2R2-S2-EVOaffected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS Evolved23.4R1-EVO < 23.4R2-S1-EVOaffected
Juniper NetworksJunos OS Evolved24.2R1-EVO < 24.2R1-S2-EVO, 24.2R2-EVOaffected

Weaknesses

  • CWE-125: CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read
  • Denial of Service (DoS)

Workarounds

Disabling packet tracing options will work around this issue.

There are no other available workarounds for this issue.

ADP Enrichment

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

  • SSVC:
  • Exploitation: none
    • Automatable: yes
    • Technical Impact: partial

References