CVE-2018-25126

Summary

Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd. NVMS-9000 firmware (used by many white-labeled DVR/NVR/IPC products) contains hardcoded API credentials and an OS command injection flaw in its configuration services. The web/API interface accepts HTTP/XML requests authenticated with a fixed vendor credential string and passes user-controlled fields into shell execution contexts without proper argument sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can leverage the hard-coded credential to access endpoints such as /editBlackAndWhiteList and inject shell metacharacters inside XML parameters, resulting in arbitrary command execution as root. The same vulnerable backend is also reachable in some models through a proprietary TCP service on port 4567 that accepts a magic GUID preface and base64-encoded XML, enabling the same command injection sink. Firmware releases from mid-February 2018 and later are reported to have addressed this issue. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-01-28 UTC.

Affected Software

Weaknesses

• CWE-798: CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials
• CWE-78: CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

ADP Enrichment

CISA ADP Vulnrichment

• SSVC:
• Exploitation: poc
  • Automatable: yes
  • Technical Impact: total

References

• https://web.archive.org/web/20180614014914/http://en.tvt.net.cn:80/news/227.html
• https://github.com/mcw0/PoC/blob/master/TVT_and_OEM_IPC_NVR_DVR_RCE_Backdoor_and_Information_Disclosure.txt
• https://qkl.seebug.org/vuldb/ssvid-97217
• https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/threat-research/iot-botnet-exploiting-tvt-shenzhen-dvrs-still-lingers
• https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tvt-nvms9000-hardcoded-api-credentials-and-command-injection

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